Month: December 2022

Fast-Growing, High-Paying Jobs

Chevron Down Chevron Up The best-paying careers in California are in the management, law, computer occupations and mathematics, and health care practitioners occupations, according to BLS data. Chevron Down Chevron Up In addition to the jobs listed in this article, the fastest-growing careers in California also include several occupations from technology, business, and health care. Some of the best-paying careers are also some of the ones that have seen the most rapid job growth from 2019 through 2029, according to Bureau of Labor Statistics projections.

This research found the jobs with the fastest-growing salaries above $100,000 are mostly STEM occupations, with over half of the 25 top-rated careers being science- or math-based. This study examined six-figure occupations with the highest average annual wage growth rates over the period 2016-2019 using data published from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the occupational employment statistics data set. Using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), we present information about jobs and industries projected to have the highest growth rates from 2019 to 2029.

Within health care, the job sector for personal and household services is projected to grow the fastest, at a 3.3% annual rate. Overall, employment is projected to increase by 168.8 million over the next 10 years, or 6 million jobs. Demand for surgical skills is also expected to keep growing as the American population continues to age, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics projects as many as 10,000 new surgeons to be hired in the next decade.

The hiring outlook is bright for physician assistants, with new jobs expected to grow 30 percent in the coming years, according to a new CareerCast report. The hiring outlook for math majors is relatively solid, with the field expected to grow by 21 percent in the coming years, according to CareerCast. The job outlook for statisticians is expected to increase in the coming decade, with a particularly strong outlook for those with strong data analytics skills, advanced statistics knowledge, and expertise in modelling or computer programming.

Increasing 15 times faster than other occupations, wind turbine maintenance technicians, or wind technicians, are projected to be the fastest-growing job in the coming decade. The only profession that is expected to see the fastest total wage growth over the next decade is wind turbine service technicians, according to researchers with the BLS. The professions with the highest wage growth are not necessarily the highest-paying jobs in America, but represent roles employers need to fill, and are willing to raise salaries to draw candidates, according to a new report by CareerCast.

That is because roles in health care, like anesthesiologists or surgeons, and some high-level corporate roles, such as ad managers, now pay the highest annual salaries in the U.S., and are also among the highest-demand jobs. Some of the fastest-growing health care jobs include nurse practitioners, physical therapist assistants, and physician assistants. The professions at the top of the list below are a mixture of healthcare, finance, skilled trades, and business jobs, with one technology occupation thrown in for good measure.

To help with your preparation, heres a sampling of the top six most-growing, best-paying jobs that do not require college degrees. The top six most-growing, best-paying jobs that do not require college degrees (in arbitrary order). While of course, there is no way to guarantee that you will choose the right career, this list of fastest-growing occupations is expected to experience lots of growth in the coming years, with plenty of jobs available. This visualization, which is focused on the 20 fastest-growing job markets, allows you to easily compare the top growing careers, how much money they earn, and their expected growth in the coming decade.

While the careers listed above could represent more than 2 million jobs going forward, keep in mind they are just predictions. As you review the list, remember these jobs are expected to experience tremendous growth until 2026 (well beyond the 7% current average) and provide decent average salaries for those with five years of work experience or less. We lumped three jobs related to nursing into this list because all of them share similar levels of expected growth.

Insiders included only jobs paying at least $41,950, which is the median salary across occupations, since we are interested in jobs that are both expected to grow and also pay well. Insider was interested in looking at jobs that pay well, but that could also see a lot of added jobs in the coming decade. To find jobs offering that perfect mix of high-paying and growing, CNBC Made It dug into Bureau of Labor Statistics data to find professions paying workers over $100,000 per year that are expected to grow 10 percent or more between now and 2026.

The highest-paid professionals in this field benefited from pay jumps of 59 percent, information security analysts typically need a degree in computer science or related fields, and a masters in business or computer systems. Most workers in the field hold bachelors degrees in computer science or a related field, and they can also majored in business. To be a manager in the field of computers and information systems, you typically need a bachelors degree in computing, along with several years of relevant job experience.

To become a manager of learning and development, you need a Bachelors degree or Masters degree, along with some related work experience. Although statistical analysts typically require a masters degree in statistics, mathematics, or another quantitative field, a bachelors degree might suffice for entry-level jobs, whereas a PhD will probably be needed for research and academic jobs in the field. Because sales engineers require a thorough understanding of scientific, technical, and engineering principles in order to do their jobs successfully, candidates generally need at least a bachelors degree in engineering to get their feet in the door (although some opportunities will require a masters degree).

The average annual mean wage growth for the 25 highest-paying occupations by salary growth is 2.8%, while the average annual mean wage of the top 25 highest-paying, six-figure jobs by salary growth was $128,878 in 2019.

A 텐알바 Delightful Proposal For Female Freelancers

You may also want to look at our 텐알바 Freelance Proposal Template Tool: simply input your details and receive a custom template. If you have got your own freelance proposal template, or any software that helps with proposal writing, you might want to implement a clickable content table. People who write freelance proposals often underestimate the value of a table of contents, but you should keep in mind that not every reader is going to read through your proposal in a chronological order.

If you have talked about the future and considered the type of your partner, then the next step is getting down into the details of your proposal.

If the proposal is solid, you want to show your client how he or she can convert that proposal to a contract. Make sure to include the proposal for a contract, the next steps, and even a price to motivate your client into action. Getting an answer back from your client asking for a trial project is usually a sign they liked your offer, and you are closer to landing the contract.

Before pitching your design proposal to the client, consider how you can maximize your efforts as much as possible. Take time to review successful project proposals, taking notes about what worked and what did not.

To create a perfect project proposal, it may be helpful to have optimized templates from which to base your own work. Just because you get the template designs, that does not have to mean that you are using the proposal templates, where you are tweaking the copy vaguely to fit every new client.

It is worth investing a little money in having a graphic designer create a template proposal that fits your brand. This graphic design proposal template is sleek and on-point, just like the work you are offering to clients. Ideal for graphic and web design jobs, you can use this template to create comprehensive proposal designs.

With the Freelance Proposal Solution, you can complete this whole thing in just a few minutes, so you will not have to keep writing proposals to new clients constantly. You have to be dedicated to writing every proposal OB in as professional way possible and impressing your prospective clients. Just remember, you are not likely to land that first job that you apply for, but success is bound to follow if you put in the time to write an expertly-worded proposal and show off your skills as a pro.

Presenting yourself effectively as an experienced professional that understands the needs of your clients is the best way to get contracts at Upwork. In fact, my ability to convey value to prospective clients is one of the things that I attribute the most to earning more than $600,000 as a freelance graphic designer on Upwork after only five years on the platform. If I have learned anything from fiverr, it is that clients are ALWAYS worth MORE than a freelancer.

If you do not have a retainer agreement, you cannot assume that the freelancer is available to do more projects for you – but definitely ask. If you ask, be sure that the client is not doing things like asking for you to put down cash for work, or asking you to remove communications from an official freelance platform. If you are using the freelancing platform, use only the official communications channels until you develop a solid working relationship with the client.

Your best bet is to seek out jobs through only the official job posting websites and freelance platforms. If you are freelancing, you should actively look for projects and new clients to develop relationships with. Following these steps can help you write better proposals, which will enhance your communication with clients, so that you can get more business.

While the proposals, pricing, and executive summary sections should be a bit technical and in-depth, it is a section where you can get to your customer in more direct terms. Be prepared to defend your offer from a variety of angles, explaining how you will be able to address the clients concerns. Practice this technique by starting every proposal with a couple lines acknowledging what your client needs.

For instance, you might mention when you are available to begin working, once the client has approved the proposal. Needs — The need might not actually exist, either for something you proposed, or something your client expressed.

After acknowledging details of that jobs posting, showing an interest in the job, and praising the client, you can start to talk briefly about what makes you the best candidate for the job. For instance, if you are offering to work with a client in the AI industry, it will be important to your prospective employer to see references of clients who are working in that field. You can mention how competitors are working on similar projects, or you can make the case why your content is very relevant and original for that moment. A final step Once you have put together a proposal, it may be worthwhile for you to get some additional review by a more experienced freelancer, or at the very least, a friend.

As you can see, a project proposal can be an effective way of outlining your projects main goals, along with the steps taken to achieve those goals. Add client-specific quotes, or even videos, into the proposal to show the client you already have a significant backlog of completed, successful projects.

A helpful toolkit makes your freelance administration easier, connecting your work from proposal to payout. At first, you might eventually want to simplify things. APractice writing proposals while continuing your journey in freelancing — you will soon write winning proposals in your sleep.

I understand there are folks who are used to being able to edit their work proposals once they have submitted them, but the workarounds that are already out there (proofreading an offer before sending, or backing out of one and sending a fresh one) are so easy, I have trouble seeing this feature request as very high-priority. The hardest part about writing a freelance proposal is usually getting everything to come together into one, well-designed document.

Women’S 고소득알바 Economic Participation Rate

In the 고소득알바 U.S., women have made slow, but largely steady, gains on the job market in the past three decades, increasing their share of the labor force from 55.7% in 1987 to 60.3% as of April 2020. Women have outperformed men and now make up more than half (50.7 percent) of the U.S. labor force with college degrees, according to Pew Research Centers analysis of government data. The number of women with some college or less education in the labor force has declined by 4.6% since Q4 2019, compared to little change for men with some college or less education (-1.3%).

The number of men ages 25 and older with some college or less education in the labor force is also larger than it was prior to the COVID-19 pandemic — 30.5 million, compared with 29.1 million — although they are not rising in ranks as rapidly as women. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disproportionate effect on labor force participation among adults without bachelors degrees, particularly women. Nearly one year after the outbreak, gender gaps only modestly recovered.

The trend of women losing jobs at higher rates than men is at odds with four previous U.S. recessions, where on average, the gender gap shrank by 1.4 percentage points, because the economic decline reduced mens opportunities to work primarily (see chart). Revised figures from the most recent report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics indicate that 227,000 jobs were lost in December 2020 alone, with women accounting for 196,000 of 227, or 86.3%. Gains marked 17 straight months of job gains for women, but still left women a net of 723,000 jobs lost since February 2020.

For every racial and ethnic group but Latinos, the unemployment rate for women is lower than the rate for men (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 2015e). For men, rates were still lower than their pandemic rates, too, but they were higher than those for women, at 70.6% in February 2022. The Association also indicates that the effects of increasing female labour force participation are different than those of increasing mens participation; indeed, an increase in mens labour force participation rates by 10% is associated with a 3% decline in real median wages, probably because of the supply curve shifting: More men are competing for the same jobs.

When I looked at the female labor force share (percentage of total workforce who are female) rather than the female labor force participation rate (percentage of females who are in the workforce), I found that each 10 % increase in the womens labor share is associated with a near 8 percent rise in real wages. After controlling for a variety of other factors that might influence female labor force participation rates and wage growth (such as industry concentration, median commute times, and housing prices), the model suggests that each 10 % increase in the womens share of the workforce in a metro area is associated with a 5% increase in the average real wages for workers–both male and female. Overall, the results suggest that higher levels of virtual schooling in a state are associated with lower labor force participation rates of men and women, with and without children, and that this effect is statistically significant, at least at the 10 percent level.

To test whether a shift toward virtual learning could indeed explain this decline, we analyzed whether changes in the labour force participation rates for men and women with and without young children could be explained by variation in the virtual schools across states. Because the shift toward hybrid and virtual schooling is obviously just one part of the story for persistently low labour force participation rates for mothers with young children, we spent a bit of time looking at a few other data points that provide some insights about labor force participation trends. Among women aged 55 years or older–who are far less likely than younger women to be in the workforce–labor force participation has increased in the past three decades, particularly during the 2000s, after remaining roughly flat from 1960 through the mid-1980s, while younger womens labor force participation rates were rising rapidly.

Among women, rates are highest among those in their prime working years (ages 25-54); after rising between 1960 and 1999, however, labor force participation rates among women in this age range fell nearly three percentage points between 2000 and 2014 (the labor force participation rates among men ages 25-54 declined more than three percentage points over that period; Figure 2.6). Immediately following the start of the shutdown in March 2020, participation rates of women with young children fell by almost six percent, whereas those of women and men without young children declined by four percent. The labor force participation rate for young women (16-24) reached a peak in 1987 and fell by over nine percentage points between 2000 and 2014, while that for young men fell by over 12 percentage points, reflecting both the longer period that this generation is spending in school today, as well as a weak job market in the Great Recession and in the slower recovery of many young adults.

In our data, distance from schooling also lowered the participation of men with young children, all else equal, so this cannot fully explain the relatively lower participation rates for women with young children since the start of the pandemic. Mothers will continue to bear most family caregiving responsibilities, as they historically have, and so far, so far, with COVID-19. Mothers of color will be most impacted.4 This will have significant negative effects on the labor force participation rates and earnings of women, which will, in turn, adversely affect not only present earnings and future earnings, but also on pension security and gender equality at work and at home. Mothers will continue to shoulder the majority of family caregiving responsibilities, as they have both historically and thus far in The COVID-19 pandemic Mothers of color will be the most affected.4 This will have a significant negative effect on womens employment and labor force participation rates, which will in turn have a negative effect not only on both current and future earnings but also on retirement security and gender equity in workplaces and homes.23 Mothers of color and women who are immigrants often perform the household work that makes it easier for wealthy, middle-class white women to work, and that keeps them from spending more time with their families.

Examples Of Women’S Occupations In 단기알바 Developed Countries

The analysis comes as 단기알바 countries across the globe are gearing up for International Womens Day, which puts an emphasis this year on gender equality at work. This article highlights the complex nature of female labour force participation in developing countries, and presents findings about key trends and factors influencing female labour market participation and employment access, particularly the role of education level. The nonlinear relationship between education level and womens labour force participation is, at times, U-shaped, and is apparent across a range of developing countries.

There is substantially greater variation across developing countries in womens labour force participation rates than among men. At more disaggregated levels, womens participation is highly variable between developing countries and emerging economies, much more so than mens participation.

Data on the numbers of women and men holding management positions are also available in about half the countries with recent labour force surveys. The countries with these data collect slightly higher shares of women workers overall (46.4 percent on average), but in these countries, only about a third of managers are women (31.6 percent on average).

Across industries and occupations, women on average make less than men; women working full-time in most countries make 70 to 90 percent of what men make. The earnings gap between men and women has declined significantly, but recent progress has been slower, and women working full-time still make around 17 per cent less per week, on average, than men. The earnings gap between women and men, while smaller than it was years ago, is still substantial; women remain underrepresented in some industries and professions; and too many women are struggling to balance their work and family ambitions.

Women and men continue to be concentrated in a variety of jobs and fields, a trend known as occupational segregation. Women in developing countries are still far from experiencing this kind of segregation, with about 60% working in the informal sector. Women are overrepresented in many professions that have high automation potential because of routine cognitive labor, such as in the roles of clerical or service workers; these professions represent 52 percent of the potential female occupational displacement.

For example, farm labor is among the three main occupational groups driving male job displacement in Mexico (21 percent loss), but it is not among the three leading groups for women. In India, where so many women are employed in subsistence farming, losses in this occupational category may be responsible for 28 percent of the jobs lost by women, compared to 16 percent for men.

In six mature economies (Canada, a median of 20 percent of women working today, or 107 million women today, may see their jobs replaced by automation, compared with 21 percent (163 million) for men over the 2030 period (Exhibit 1). In six mature economies (Canada), 42 percent of net job growth (64 million jobs) could be for women, compared with 58 percent (87 million) for men, if current occupational and industry trends persist. Women may be in a slightly better position than men to capture this potential jobs growth, due to the occupations and sectors they tend to work in; however, this growth assumes women retain their share of jobs in every industry and occupation from today through 2030.

In South Asia, more than 80 percent of women working non-farm jobs are employed irregularly; in Sub-Saharan Africa, 74 percent; and in Latin America and the Caribbean, 54 percent . The more un-educated women in poor countries are more likely to engage in livelihood activities and in informal employment, whereas women with secondary school educations can potentially afford to remain outside of the labour force. In Canada, women participating in apprenticeship programs in male-dominated fields make 14% less than men on average per hour, and are less likely to obtain jobs related to their fields following completion of their programs, than men.

While it may help women better balance the demands of employment, family, and childcare, part-time jobs are typically associated with lower hourly wages, less job security, and fewer opportunities for training and advancement compared with full-time employment. For Bangladesh, the job-to-career transition is peppered with barriers preventing Women from seeking longer-term employment and higher-paying careers.

Womens labour market participation differs widely between countries, reflecting differences in economic development, societal norms, educational attainment, fertility rates, and access to child care and other support services (see Definitions of labour force participation rates).

By the early 1990s, prime-age female labour force participation rates–those aged 25-54–had reached slightly more than 74%, compared to about 93% among prime-age males. In the early twentieth century, just 20 percent of all women were employed as gainful workers, since Census Bureau at that time classified work-force participation as taking place outside of the home, with just 5 percent of married women classified that way. Despite the widely held attitudes that discouraged women, especially married women, from working outside the home, and the limited opportunities that were available to women, women actually entered the workforce in large numbers during this time, with participation rates reaching almost 50 percent for single women and almost 12 percent for married women by 1930.

The gender gaps in technology are certainly well known, with recent data from ILOSTAT showing that women are underrepresented in almost all countries, no matter their income levels or stage of development, in the information and communications sectors that comprise IT. When you account for both paid and non-paid jobs, like housework and childcare, women are working more hours per day on average 30 minutes per day more in developing countries than in developing countries, and 50 minutes more in developing countries. According to the UN, factors like the equitable distribution of paid and unpaid work (e.g., cooking, childcare) are necessary for achieving gender equality at work; another important factor is having equal shares of men and women in the workforce.

알바구인 That Women Can Do Even When They Are Old

Some of the best 알바구인 jobs for women in their 50s are in the real estate industry, teaching, and finance. These types of roles are among the best jobs for women over 50 because they are very valuable because of their maturity and life experience. While it is best to get the job that matches your interests and needs, certain occupations are particularly suited to women over 50.

While finding a new or second career can be challenging, there are some fields that are wide open when it comes to careers for older women, and below, we have put together a list of some of the best jobs for women over 50. It is not surprising that consulting jobs are highly on the list of best careers for women across all age groups. If you have had lifelong experience in a specific area, becoming a lecturer is indeed one of the best jobs for older women.

These homemaker jobs for older women help you to use your experience, wisdom, and maturity as you embark on a new career post-50. Women above the age of 50, in particular, have gained all of the necessary experience for being very good counselors thanks to their lifelong struggles in dealing with home issues.

The knowledge and resources gained from years of experience can place older workers in good positions to do their own work. Compounding the problem of a poor employment outlook for women in their 50s is the fact that hiring managers are not always aware of the value of a senior womens experience.

Age discrimination makes it difficult for many older Americans, including women, many older Americans, to stay employed at traditional jobs, even if they are needed to earn income. In todays economy, many older women are finding that they need to find a job, whether it is because they have lost their husbands, or because they need economic help for their retirement. Women age 50 or older are sometimes facing a tough fight in finding a job, and lack of work skills can increase the stress and challenge of finding work.

Although women have earned more college degrees than men, and for decades, they are less likely to be hired in entry-level jobs. Even if the rate of hiring and promotion of women to higher-level jobs improved, women overall could never catch up.

In any event, great jobs are still out there, and women are making huge gains at landing them. Even as children return to school, the inflow of women back into the workforce most analysts expected has not yet happened. Economists are holding out hope that, as increased vaccinations result in fewer virus cases, the October jobs report on Friday will reveal a rise in women employed.

As the U.S. economy has rapidly recovered, with employers posting record-high numbers of open jobs, many women have delayed returning to the workforce, whether voluntarily or not. Titled “Boys vs. Men,” a new book examines the economic, social, and cultural changes that forced men onto the economic margins, including job losses in male-dominated fields like manufacturing and an influx of women into the labor market, reducing mens need to be providers to their families.

Most are desk jobs, and the proportions for law, social, and cultural professionals, as well as for associate professionals in business and administration, and sales workers, hover at about 50 percent male-female. Some of these jobs make sense because they offer flexible scheduling, while others are popular with women over 50 because they are lower-stress or provide an opportunity to work from home. Consider these jobs that are good for unskilled women of 50 or older, and you could be earning your first paycheck within weeks.

This job may work perfectly for someone with work experience in one area, who now wants to teach students about the area. Administrative assistant managers also need computing skills, which candidates can build or enhance with online courses. Casinos will typically train new employees on-the-job, but it is also possible to enroll in gaming schools to get an idea of the way the industry works.

The HEAL industry – healthcare includes things like medicine and nursing, but it also trains, a lot of care-giving trades, social work, psychology, those kinds of jobs that need more verbal skills or writing skills rather than mathematical skills.

Another great job option in India for women working at home is to be a financial advisor or an insurance broker. If you are an Indian woman looking for telecommuting jobs, WFH jobs, or no-investment working-from-home business ideas, find out how SHEROES helps you to find a working-from-home opportunity for women in India. Check out SHEROES Work From Home options, and find out where you can find the best remote jobs for women.

Health care, along with jobs that emphasize personal relationships and what is called soft skills, are careers that are good for women over 50. The variety of people seeking fitness training, including boomers, makes it feasible for women in their 50s to get into a career as a personal trainer. Older women with sports and fitness experience may find jobs fast with certifications in personal training, but some people are also getting certifications in fitness training in order to become more physically fit and earn money sharing their journey into fitness with others.

Let FDM take a closer look at the benefits of rebooting a career in your 50s, what you should consider while looking for a new career, and some of the best jobs for women in their 50s. Whatever the reasons, at FDM, we have years of experience supporting women on the path back into the workforce, and we would like to share our insights with you. At FDM, FDM and our clients are committed to supporting women in the workplace, nurturing womens talents, and closing the gender pay gap.

Good 알바사이트 Job By Gender

It is fascinating to 알바사이트 envision what the next decade holds for women, and consider which female-dominated occupations are going to be on that list in 2030. More companies are seeing the value in having more women in the C-suite, and are showing they can make headway in achieving gender diversity. Today, 87% of companies are strongly committed to gender diversity, up from 56% in 2012, the first time McKinsey & Company conducted a similar survey about womens status in the workplace.

Below are the top five jobs with the biggest gender wage gaps, insights on why men are valued more, and actions women can take. Zippia, the popular job-search website, has analyzed data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and American Community Survey to find out how much men and women earn across all of America. Below are the 10 states with the largest and smallest gender pay gaps.

The survey found that men and women rated the same characteristics for jobs at nearly the same rates. About the same shares of men (30%) and women (35%) rank having a good benefits package as the most important factor to them in evaluating jobs. Similar shares of men and women rate it as extremely important to have a job that offers opportunities to advance (25% for men, 22% for women) or pay well (18% for men and women).

Women are more likely than men to say having a job that helps the community is extremely important to them (24% vs. 19%). For instance, roughly half of Millennial men (48%) and women (52%) say having a job that they like doing is extremely important to them. Millennial women are especially more likely than men across generations to say having a job that helps the community is extremely important to them (29% of Millennial women, compared with 19% of Millennial and Generation X men, and 17% of Boomer men).

It is no secret that women are far less likely than men to get hired for jobs, even when candidates have exactly the same qualifications. If women observe this happening in their own workplaces, it makes sense they would be less likely to apply for jobs they are unqualified for. Even though women are earning higher college degrees than men, and they have been for decades, they are still less likely to get hired in entry-level jobs.

Women are overrepresented in higher-level positions, and are hired for lower salaries than men. For women of color, this number is even lower: Only 68 Latina women and 58 Black women are promoted to managers out of every 100 entry-level men promoted to the same jobs.

Men have filled 30% of the new jobs at positions that are normally held by women in the past eight years. The research found that almost one-quarter of the new jobs in traditionally male-dominated professions, like CEOs, lawyers, surgeons, web developers, chemical engineers, and producers, were filled by women from 2009 to 2017. In gender experiments, women employers were far more likely to hire women than men employers.

When told that men performed somewhat better than women, on average, at sports or mathematical tasks, employers were far less likely to hire female workers than hire male workers, even when two separate workers had similar scores at an easy test. According to a study in When Gender Discrimination Is Not About Gender, employers favored men not because they were biased against women, but because they had a perception that men performed better on average at some tasks.

The gender gap can open up on a variety of issues, but new Pew Research Center surveys show that men and women broadly agree about what they value in a job. Coffman, who has conducted other studies exploring gender roles, hopes that this finding will prompt corporate executives to look more closely at whether people making hires within their organizations share common beliefs about men and women that could influence their decisions about job candidates.

Many of the occupations listed are well-paying, male-dominated roles, which can sometimes harbor gender stereotypes that affect how they treat women. While some of the gendered jobs are obviously rooted in stereotypes–for example, women as nurturers, men as financial decision-makers–others appear more haphazardly assigned. Whether because of stereotyping, society, preferences, or some combination of the above, some jobs are just disproportionately filled by a single gender.

Some jobs, like electricians and auto-service technicians and mechanics, employ far too few women for earnings to be comparable. The tilting could account for some of the most striking differences, like marketing managers being the most male job, or accounting and auditing being the most female job, both of which do not correlate strongly with any one sex. Women and men still tend to be concentrated in separate jobs and fields, a trend known as occupational segregation.

P2P rates are higher for men and women in northern North America and the European parts outside the European Union (Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, and Northern Cyprus), but the gender gaps are also wider in those regions. Although full-time female employment trails more than men in Northern America and the non-EU European countries, both regions are in the top three places women are more likely to work. Across regions, the gap for women in top jobs is largest in South Asia, where their P2P rates trail those of men by 26 percentage points.

Womens shortage of good jobs is smaller, by seven points, in Sub-Saharan Africa, but even there, P2P rates are the lowest globally for both women and men in this region. Women in the United States account for almost half the workforce in the entry-level jobs, yet make up just one-fifth of C-suites.

When faced with unconscious biases and limited support from their workplace, reaching the top may feel like a reachable goal, even for the most ambitious women. All three of these barriers, which collectively make up 78% of the reasons why women do not apply, stem from believing the qualifications are true requirements, and seeing the hiring process as more “by-the-book” and faithful to on-paper guidelines than it actually is.

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